Enzymes
UniProtKB help_outline | 1 proteins |
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- Name help_outline 16-hydroxytabersonine Identifier CHEBI:58239 Charge 1 Formula C21H25N2O3 InChIKeyhelp_outline FXUFRJQCBVSCRZ-ACRUOGEOSA-O SMILEShelp_outline [H][C@@]12[NH+]3CC[C@]11C(Nc4cc(O)ccc14)=C(C[C@]2(CC)C=CC3)C(=O)OC 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 2 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline S-adenosyl-L-methionine Identifier CHEBI:59789 Charge 1 Formula C15H23N6O5S InChIKeyhelp_outline MEFKEPWMEQBLKI-AIRLBKTGSA-O SMILEShelp_outline C[S+](CC[C@H]([NH3+])C([O-])=O)C[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1O)n1cnc2c(N)ncnc12 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 842 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline 16-methoxytabersonine Identifier CHEBI:58930 Charge 1 Formula C22H27N2O3 InChIKeyhelp_outline AEXBRBWRPNGGEZ-FKBYEOEOSA-O SMILEShelp_outline [H][C@@]12[NH+]3CC[C@]11C(Nc4cc(OC)ccc14)=C(C[C@]2(CC)C=CC3)C(=O)OC 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 2 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline H+ Identifier CHEBI:15378 Charge 1 Formula H InChIKeyhelp_outline GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline [H+] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 9,176 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine Identifier CHEBI:57856 Charge 0 Formula C14H20N6O5S InChIKeyhelp_outline ZJUKTBDSGOFHSH-WFMPWKQPSA-N SMILEShelp_outline Nc1ncnc2n(cnc12)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CSCC[C@H]([NH3+])C([O-])=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 768 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Cross-references
RHEA:20992 | RHEA:20993 | RHEA:20994 | RHEA:20995 | |
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Reaction direction help_outline | undefined | left-to-right | right-to-left | bidirectional |
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Publications
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A pair of tabersonine 16-hydroxylases initiates the synthesis of vindoline in an organ-dependent manner in Catharanthus roseus.
Besseau S., Kellner F., Lanoue A., Thamm A.M., Salim V., Schneider B., Geu-Flores F., Hoefer R., Guirimand G., Guihur A., Oudin A., Glevarec G., Foureau E., Papon N., Clastre M., Giglioli-Guivarc'h N., St-Pierre B., Werck-Reichhart D., Burlat V., De Luca V., O'Connor S.E., Courdavault V.
Hydroxylation of tabersonine at the C-16 position, catalyzed by tabersonine 16-hydroxylase (T16H), initiates the synthesis of vindoline that constitutes the main alkaloid accumulated in leaves of Catharanthus roseus. Over the last decade, this reaction has been associated with CYP71D12 cloned from ... >> More
Hydroxylation of tabersonine at the C-16 position, catalyzed by tabersonine 16-hydroxylase (T16H), initiates the synthesis of vindoline that constitutes the main alkaloid accumulated in leaves of Catharanthus roseus. Over the last decade, this reaction has been associated with CYP71D12 cloned from undifferentiated C. roseus cells. In this study, we isolated a second cytochrome P450 (CYP71D351) displaying T16H activity. Biochemical characterization demonstrated that CYP71D12 and CYP71D351 both exhibit high affinity for tabersonine and narrow substrate specificity, making of T16H, to our knowledge, the first alkaloid biosynthetic enzyme displaying two isoforms encoded by distinct genes characterized to date in C. roseus. However, both genes dramatically diverge in transcript distribution in planta. While CYP71D12 (T16H1) expression is restricted to flowers and undifferentiated cells, the CYP71D351 (T16H2) expression profile is similar to the other vindoline biosynthetic genes reaching a maximum in young leaves. Moreover, transcript localization by carborundum abrasion and RNA in situ hybridization demonstrated that CYP71D351 messenger RNAs are specifically located to leaf epidermis, which also hosts the next step of vindoline biosynthesis. Comparison of high- and low-vindoline-accumulating C. roseus cultivars also highlights the direct correlation between CYP71D351 transcript and vindoline levels. In addition, CYP71D351 down-regulation mediated by virus-induced gene silencing reduces vindoline accumulation in leaves and redirects the biosynthetic flux toward the production of unmodified alkaloids at the C-16 position. All these data demonstrate that tabersonine 16-hydroxylation is orchestrated in an organ-dependent manner by two genes including CYP71D351, which encodes the specific T16H isoform acting in the foliar vindoline biosynthesis. << Less
Plant Physiol. 163:1792-1803(2013) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 4 other entries.
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Application of carborundum abrasion for investigating the leaf epidermis: molecular cloning of Catharanthus roseus 16-hydroxytabersonine-16-O-methyltransferase.
Levac D.E., Murata J., Kim W.S., De Luca V.
The Madagascar periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) produces the well-known and remarkably complex anti-cancer dimeric alkaloids vinblastine and vincristine that are derived from the coupling of vindoline and catharanthine monomers. This study describes the novel application of a carborundum abrasion ... >> More
The Madagascar periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) produces the well-known and remarkably complex anti-cancer dimeric alkaloids vinblastine and vincristine that are derived from the coupling of vindoline and catharanthine monomers. This study describes the novel application of a carborundum abrasion (CA) technique for large-scale isolation of leaf epidermis-enriched proteins in order to purify to apparent homogeneity 16-hydroxytabersonine-16-O-methyltransferase (16OMT), which catalyses the second of six steps in the conversion of tabersonine into vindoline, and to clone the gene. Functional expression and biochemical characterization of recombinant 16OMT demonstrated its very narrow substrate specificity and high affinity for 16-hydroxytabersonine. In addition to allowing the cloning of this gene, the CA technique clearly showed that 16OMT is predominantly expressed in Catharanthus leaf epidermis. The results provide compelling evidence that most of the pathway for vindoline biosynthesis, including the O-methylation of 16-hydroxytabersonine, occurs exclusively in the leaf epidermis, with subsequent steps occurring in other leaf cell types. << Less