Enzymes
UniProtKB help_outline | 1 proteins |
GO Molecular Function help_outline |
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Reaction participants Show >> << Hide
- Name help_outline a ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate Identifier CHEBI:61557 Charge -4 Formula C5H8O13P3R SMILEShelp_outline [C@H]1([C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O1)*)O)COP(OP(OP(=O)([O-])[O-])(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1,468 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline phytyl phosphate Identifier CHEBI:75483 Charge -2 Formula C20H39O4P InChIKeyhelp_outline YRXRHZOKDFCXIB-PYDDKJGSSA-L SMILEShelp_outline CC(C)CCC[C@@H](C)CCC[C@@H](C)CCC\C(C)=C\COP([O-])([O-])=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 3 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline a ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate Identifier CHEBI:57930 Charge -3 Formula C5H8O10P2R SMILEShelp_outline [C@H]1([C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O1)*)O)COP(OP([O-])(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1,590 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline phytyl diphosphate Identifier CHEBI:75434 Charge -3 Formula C20H39O7P2 InChIKeyhelp_outline ITPLBNCCPZSWEU-PYDDKJGSSA-K SMILEShelp_outline CC(C)CCC[C@@H](C)CCC[C@@H](C)CCC\C(C)=C\COP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 8 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Cross-references
RHEA:38099 | RHEA:38100 | RHEA:38101 | RHEA:38102 | |
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Reaction direction help_outline | undefined | left-to-right | right-to-left | bidirectional |
UniProtKB help_outline |
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Gene Ontology help_outline | ||||
MetaCyc help_outline |
Related reactions help_outline
Specific form(s) of this reaction
Publications
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Remobilization of phytol from chlorophyll degradation is essential for tocopherol synthesis and growth of Arabidopsis.
Vom Dorp K., Hoelzl G., Plohmann C., Eisenhut M., Abraham M., Weber A.P., Hanson A.D., Doermann P.
Phytol from chlorophyll degradation can be phosphorylated to phytyl-phosphate and phytyl-diphosphate, the substrate for tocopherol (vitamin E) synthesis. A candidate for the phytyl-phosphate kinase from Arabidopsis thaliana (At1g78620) was identified via a phylogeny-based approach. This gene was d ... >> More
Phytol from chlorophyll degradation can be phosphorylated to phytyl-phosphate and phytyl-diphosphate, the substrate for tocopherol (vitamin E) synthesis. A candidate for the phytyl-phosphate kinase from Arabidopsis thaliana (At1g78620) was identified via a phylogeny-based approach. This gene was designated VITAMIN E DEFICIENT6 (VTE6) because the leaves of the Arabidopsis vte6 mutants are tocopherol deficient. The vte6 mutant plants are incapable of photoautotrophic growth. Phytol and phytyl-phosphate accumulate, and the phytyl-diphosphate content is strongly decreased in vte6 leaves. Phytol feeding and enzyme assays with Arabidopsis and recombinant Escherichia coli cells demonstrated that VTE6 has phytyl-P kinase activity. Overexpression of VTE6 resulted in increased phytyl-diphosphate and tocopherol contents in seeds, indicating that VTE6 encodes phytyl-phosphate kinase. The severe growth retardation of vte6 mutants was partially rescued by introducing the phytol kinase mutation vte5. Double mutant plants (vte5 vte6) are tocopherol deficient and contain more chlorophyll, but reduced amounts of phytol and phytyl-phosphate compared with vte6 mutants, suggesting that phytol or phytyl-phosphate are detrimental to plant growth. Therefore, VTE6 represents the missing phytyl-phosphate kinase, linking phytol release from chlorophyll with tocopherol synthesis. Moreover, tocopherol synthesis in leaves depends on phytol derived from chlorophyll, not on de novo synthesis of phytyl-diphosphate from geranylgeranyl-diphosphate. << Less
Plant Cell 27:2846-2859(2015) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 1 other entry.
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A salvage pathway for phytol metabolism in Arabidopsis.
Ischebeck T., Zbierzak A.M., Kanwischer M., Dormann P.
Chlorophyll is the most abundant photosynthetic pigment in higher plants. During senescence, chlorophyll is hydrolyzed, resulting in the release of free phytol and chlorophyllide. Although the degradation of chlorophyllide has been studied in depth, the metabolic fate of phytol in plants is less c ... >> More
Chlorophyll is the most abundant photosynthetic pigment in higher plants. During senescence, chlorophyll is hydrolyzed, resulting in the release of free phytol and chlorophyllide. Although the degradation of chlorophyllide has been studied in depth, the metabolic fate of phytol in plants is less clear. Here, we provide evidence that phytol can be incorporated into chlorophyll, tocopherol, and lipid esters by Arabidopsis seedlings. Phytol is phosphorylated to phytyl-phosphate and phytyl-diphosphate by two successive kinase activities associated with chloroplast envelope membranes of Arabidopsis. Although phytol kinase is CTP-dependent, the second kinase reaction, phytyl-phosphate kinase, shows broader specificity for CTP, GTP, UTP, and ATP. Therefore, in addition to de novo synthesis from geranylgeranyl-diphosphate, phosphorylation of free phytol represents an alternative route for phytyl-diphosphate production as the precursor for chloroplast prenyl lipid synthesis. Lipid esters are produced after feeding phytol to Arabidopsis seedlings, and they also accumulate in large amounts in leaves during senescence. The predominant phytyl ester that accumulates during senescence is hexadecatrienoic acid phytyl ester. Fatty acid phytyl ester synthesis by protein extracts of Arabidopsis is stimulated in the presence of phytol- and acyl-CoA esters. Thus, Arabidopsis contains a distinct enzymatic machinery for redirecting free phytol released from chlorophyll degradation into chloroplast lipid metabolism. << Less
J Biol Chem 281:2470-2477(2006) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 1 other entry.