Enzymes
UniProtKB help_outline | 4 proteins |
Reaction participants Show >> << Hide
- Name help_outline a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine Identifier CHEBI:64612 Charge 0 Formula C7H12NO8PR2 SMILEShelp_outline O(P(=O)(OCC[NH3+])[O-])C[C@H](OC(*)=O)COC(*)=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 132 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline an N-acylsphinganine Identifier CHEBI:31488 Charge 0 Formula C19H38NO3R SMILEShelp_outline CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)NC([*])=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 54 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol Identifier CHEBI:17815 Charge 0 Formula C5H6O5R2 SMILEShelp_outline OC[C@@H](COC([*])=O)OC([*])=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 184 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline an N-acylsphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine Identifier CHEBI:78655 Charge 0 Formula C21H44N2O6PR SMILEShelp_outline CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[C@@H](O)[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[NH3+])NC([*])=O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 2 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Cross-references
RHEA:42136 | RHEA:42137 | RHEA:42138 | RHEA:42139 | |
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Reaction direction help_outline | undefined | left-to-right | right-to-left | bidirectional |
UniProtKB help_outline |
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Related reactions help_outline
Specific form(s) of this reaction
Publications
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Developmentally regulated sphingolipid synthesis in African trypanosomes.
Sutterwala S.S., Hsu F.F., Sevova E.S., Schwartz K.J., Zhang K., Key P., Turk J., Beverley S.M., Bangs J.D.
Sphingolipids are essential components of eukaryotic membranes, and many unicellular eukaryotes, including kinetoplastid protozoa, are thought to synthesize exclusively inositol phosphorylceramide (IPC). Here we characterize sphingolipids from Trypanosoma brucei, and a trypanosome sphingolipid syn ... >> More
Sphingolipids are essential components of eukaryotic membranes, and many unicellular eukaryotes, including kinetoplastid protozoa, are thought to synthesize exclusively inositol phosphorylceramide (IPC). Here we characterize sphingolipids from Trypanosoma brucei, and a trypanosome sphingolipid synthase gene family (TbSLS1-4) that is orthologous to Leishmania IPC synthase. Procyclic trypanosomes contain IPC, but also sphingomyelin, while surprisingly bloodstream-stage parasites contain sphingomyelin and ethanolamine phosphorylceramide (EPC), but no detectable IPC. In vivo fluorescent ceramide labelling confirmed stage-specific biosynthesis of both sphingomyelin and IPC. Expression of TbSLS4 in Leishmania resulted in production of sphingomyelin and EPC suggesting that the TbSLS gene family has bi-functional synthase activity. RNAi silencing of TbSLS1-4 in bloodstream trypanosomes led to rapid growth arrest and eventual cell death. Ceramide levels were increased more than threefold by silencing suggesting a toxic downstream effect mediated by this potent intracellular messenger. Topology predictions support a revised six-transmembrane domain model for the kinetoplastid sphingolipid synthases consistent with the proposed mammalian sphingomyelin synthase structure. This work reveals novel diversity and regulation in sphingolipid metabolism in this important group of human parasites. << Less
Mol. Microbiol. 70:281-296(2008) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 5 other entries.
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Sphingomyelin synthase SMS2 displays dual activity as ceramide phosphoethanolamine synthase.
Ternes P., Brouwers J.F., van den Dikkenberg J., Holthuis J.C.
Sphingolipids are vital components of eukaryotic membranes involved in the regulation of cell growth, death, intracellular trafficking, and the barrier function of the plasma membrane (PM). While sphingomyelin (SM) is the major sphingolipid in mammals, previous studies indicate that mammalian cell ... >> More
Sphingolipids are vital components of eukaryotic membranes involved in the regulation of cell growth, death, intracellular trafficking, and the barrier function of the plasma membrane (PM). While sphingomyelin (SM) is the major sphingolipid in mammals, previous studies indicate that mammalian cells also produce the SM analog ceramide phosphoethanolamine (CPE). Little is known about the biological role of CPE or the enzyme(s) responsible for CPE biosynthesis. SM production is mediated by the SM synthases SMS1 in the Golgi and SMS2 at the PM, while a closely related enzyme, SMSr, has an unknown biochemical function. We now demonstrate that SMS family members display striking differences in substrate specificity, with SMS1 and SMSr being monofunctional enzymes with SM and CPE synthase activity, respectively, and SMS2 acting as a bifunctional enzyme with both SM and CPE synthase activity. In agreement with the PM residency of SMS2, we show that both SM and CPE synthase activities are enhanced at the surface of SMS2-overexpressing HeLa cells. Our findings reveal an unexpected diversity in substrate specificity among SMS family members that should enable the design of specific inhibitors to target the biological role of each enzyme individually. << Less
J. Lipid Res. 50:2270-2277(2009) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 11 other entries.