Enzymes
| UniProtKB help_outline | 3 proteins |
| Enzyme class help_outline |
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- Name help_outline a (2S,3R)-flavan-3-ol Identifier CHEBI:134088 Charge 0 Formula C15H4O2R10 SMILEShelp_outline [C@H]1(C(C2=C(C(=C(C(=C2O[C@H]1C3=C(C(=C(C(=C3*)*)*)*)*)*)*)*)*)*)O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline NADP+ Identifier CHEBI:58349 Charge -3 Formula C21H25N7O17P3 InChIKeyhelp_outline XJLXINKUBYWONI-NNYOXOHSSA-K SMILEShelp_outline NC(=O)c1ccc[n+](c1)[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]2O[C@H]([C@H](OP([O-])([O-])=O)[C@@H]2O)n2cnc3c(N)ncnc23)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1,253 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline an anthocyanidin with a 3-hydroxy group Identifier CHEBI:134087 Charge 0 Formula C15O2R10 SMILEShelp_outline C1(=C(C2=C(C(=C(C(=C2[O+]=C1C3=C(C(=C(C(=C3*)*)*)*)*)*)*)*)*)*)[O-] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 21 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline H+ Identifier CHEBI:15378 Charge 1 Formula H InChIKeyhelp_outline GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline [H+] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 9,176 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline NADPH Identifier CHEBI:57783 (Beilstein: 10411862) help_outline Charge -4 Formula C21H26N7O17P3 InChIKeyhelp_outline ACFIXJIJDZMPPO-NNYOXOHSSA-J SMILEShelp_outline NC(=O)C1=CN(C=CC1)[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]2O[C@H]([C@H](OP([O-])([O-])=O)[C@@H]2O)n2cnc3c(N)ncnc23)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1,247 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Cross-references
| RHEA:51416 | RHEA:51417 | RHEA:51418 | RHEA:51419 | |
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| Reaction direction help_outline | undefined | left-to-right | right-to-left | bidirectional |
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Publications
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The epimerase activity of anthocyanidin reductase from Vitis vinifera and its regiospecific hydride transfers.
Gargouri M., Chaudiere J., Manigand C., Mauge C., Bathany K., Schmitter J.M., Gallois B.
Anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) from Vitis vinifera catalyzes an NADPH-dependent double reduction of anthocyanidins producing a mixture of (2S,3R)- and (2S,3S)-flavan-3-ols. At pH 7.5 and 30 degrees C, the first hydride transfer to anthocyanidin is irreversible, and no intermediate is released durin ... >> More
Anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) from Vitis vinifera catalyzes an NADPH-dependent double reduction of anthocyanidins producing a mixture of (2S,3R)- and (2S,3S)-flavan-3-ols. At pH 7.5 and 30 degrees C, the first hydride transfer to anthocyanidin is irreversible, and no intermediate is released during catalysis. ANR reverse activity was assessed in the presence of excess NADP(+). Analysis of products by reverse phase and chiral phase HPLC demonstrates that ANR acts as a flavan-3-ol C(3)-epimerase under such conditions, but this is only observed with 2R-flavan-3-ols, not with 2S-flavan-3-ols produced by the enzyme in the forward reaction. In the presence of deuterated coenzyme 4S-NADPD, ANR transforms anthocyanidins into dideuterated flavan-3-ols. The regiospecificity of deuterium incorporation into catechin and afzelechin - derived from cyanidin and pelargonidin, respectively - was analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled with electro-spray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS), and it was found that deuterium was always incorporated at C(2) and C(4). We conclude that C(3)-epimerization should be achieved by tautomerization between the two hydride transfers and that this produces a quinone methide intermediate which serves as C(4) target of the second hydride transfer, thereby avoiding any stereospecific modification of carbon 3. The inversion of C(2) stereochemistry required for 'reverse epimerization' suggests that the 2S configuration induces an irreversible product dissociation. << Less
Biol. Chem. 391:219-227(2010) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 1 other entry.
Comments
Cited in: "Anthocyanidin reductase gene expression and accumulation of flavan-3-ols in grape berry." Fujita A., Soma N., Goto-Yamamoto N., Shindo H., Kakuta T., Koizumi T., Hashizume K. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 56:336-342(2005)