Enzymes
| UniProtKB help_outline | 3,357 proteins |
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- Name help_outline 2-hydroxyoctadecanoyl-CoA Identifier CHEBI:74116 Charge -4 Formula C39H66N7O18P3S InChIKeyhelp_outline OJQMIXCIJFLULT-WRPLWBMRSA-J SMILEShelp_outline CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)C(=O)SCCNC(=O)CCNC(=O)[C@H](O)C(C)(C)COP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1OP([O-])([O-])=O)n1cnc2c(N)ncnc12 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 4 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline heptadecanal Identifier CHEBI:138631 (CAS: 629-90-3) help_outline Charge 0 Formula C17H34O InChIKeyhelp_outline PIYDVAYKYBWPPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline C(CCCCCCCCCCC(=O)[H])CCCCC 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 2 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline formyl-CoA Identifier CHEBI:57376 Charge -4 Formula C22H32N7O17P3S InChIKeyhelp_outline SXMOKYXNAPLNCW-GORZOVPNSA-J SMILEShelp_outline [H]C(=O)SCCNC(=O)CCNC(=O)[C@H](O)C(C)(C)COP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1OP([O-])([O-])=O)n1cnc2c(N)ncnc12 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 12 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Cross-references
| RHEA:55196 | RHEA:55197 | RHEA:55198 | RHEA:55199 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reaction direction help_outline | undefined | left-to-right | right-to-left | bidirectional |
| UniProtKB help_outline |
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Publications
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Phytosphingosine degradation pathway includes fatty acid alpha-oxidation reactions in the endoplasmic reticulum.
Kitamura T., Seki N., Kihara A.
Although normal fatty acids (FAs) are degraded via β-oxidation, unusual FAs such as 2-hydroxy (2-OH) FAs and 3-methyl-branched FAs are degraded via α-oxidation. Phytosphingosine (PHS) is one of the long-chain bases (the sphingolipid components) and exists in specific tissues, including the epiderm ... >> More
Although normal fatty acids (FAs) are degraded via β-oxidation, unusual FAs such as 2-hydroxy (2-OH) FAs and 3-methyl-branched FAs are degraded via α-oxidation. Phytosphingosine (PHS) is one of the long-chain bases (the sphingolipid components) and exists in specific tissues, including the epidermis and small intestine in mammals. In the degradation pathway, PHS is converted to 2-OH palmitic acid and then to pentadecanoic acid (C15:0-COOH) via FA α-oxidation. However, the detailed reactions and genes involved in the α-oxidation reactions of the PHS degradation pathway have yet to be determined. In the present study, we reveal the entire PHS degradation pathway: PHS is converted to C15:0-COOH via six reactions [phosphorylation, cleavage, oxidation, CoA addition, cleavage (C1 removal), and oxidation], in which the last three reactions correspond to the α-oxidation. The aldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH3A2 catalyzes both the first and second oxidation reactions (fatty aldehydes to FAs). In <i>Aldh3a2</i>-deficient cells, the unmetabolized fatty aldehydes are reduced to fatty alcohols and are incorporated into ether-linked glycerolipids. We also identify HACL2 (2-hydroxyacyl-CoA lyase 2) [previous name, ILVBL; ilvB (bacterial acetolactate synthase)-like] as the major 2-OH acyl-CoA lyase involved in the cleavage (C1 removal) reaction in the FA α-oxidation of the PHS degradation pathway. HACL2 is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum. Thus, in addition to the already-known FA α-oxidation in the peroxisomes, we have revealed the existence of FA α-oxidation in the endoplasmic reticulum in mammals. << Less
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 114:E2616-E2623(2017) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 1 other entry.