Enzymes
| UniProtKB help_outline | 219 proteins |
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- Name help_outline an N-(acyl)-sphingosylphosphocholine Identifier CHEBI:64583 Charge 0 Formula C9H19N2O6PR2 SMILEShelp_outline C[N+](C)(C)CCOP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H](NC([*])=O)[C@H](O)[*] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 28 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline an N-(acyl)-sphingosyl-1,3-cyclic phosphate Identifier CHEBI:143892 Charge -1 Formula C4H5NO5PR2 SMILEShelp_outline *[C@@H]1[C@@H](NC(=O)*)COP(=O)(O1)[O-] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 5 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline choline Identifier CHEBI:15354 (Beilstein: 1736748; CAS: 62-49-7) help_outline Charge 1 Formula C5H14NO InChIKeyhelp_outline OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline C[N+](C)(C)CCO 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 56 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Cross-references
| RHEA:60652 | RHEA:60653 | RHEA:60654 | RHEA:60655 | |
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| Reaction direction help_outline | undefined | left-to-right | right-to-left | bidirectional |
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Related reactions help_outline
Specific form(s) of this reaction
Publications
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Variable substrate preference among phospholipase D toxins from Sicariid spiders.
Lajoie D.M., Roberts S.A., Zobel-Thropp P.A., Delahaye J.L., Bandarian V., Binford G.J., Cordes M.H.
Venoms of the sicariid spiders contain phospholipase D enzyme toxins that can cause severe dermonecrosis and even death in humans. These enzymes convert sphingolipid and lysolipid substrates to cyclic phosphates by activating a hydroxyl nucleophile present in both classes of lipid. The most medica ... >> More
Venoms of the sicariid spiders contain phospholipase D enzyme toxins that can cause severe dermonecrosis and even death in humans. These enzymes convert sphingolipid and lysolipid substrates to cyclic phosphates by activating a hydroxyl nucleophile present in both classes of lipid. The most medically relevant substrates are thought to be sphingomyelin and/or lysophosphatidylcholine. To better understand the substrate preference of these toxins, we used (31)P NMR to compare the activity of three related but phylogenetically diverse sicariid toxins against a diverse panel of sphingolipid and lysolipid substrates. Two of the three showed significantly faster turnover of sphingolipids over lysolipids, and all three showed a strong preference for positively charged (choline and/or ethanolamine) over neutral (glycerol and serine) headgroups. Strikingly, however, the enzymes vary widely in their preference for choline, the headgroup of both sphingomyelin and lysophosphatidylcholine, versus ethanolamine. An enzyme from Sicarius terrosus showed a strong preference for ethanolamine over choline, whereas two paralogous enzymes from Loxosceles arizonica either preferred choline or showed no significant preference. Intrigued by the novel substrate preference of the Sicarius enzyme, we solved its crystal structure at 2.1 Å resolution. The evolution of variable substrate specificity may help explain the reduced dermonecrotic potential of some natural toxin variants, because mammalian sphingolipids use primarily choline as a positively charged headgroup; it may also be relevant for sicariid predatory behavior, because ethanolamine-containing sphingolipids are common in insect prey. << Less
J. Biol. Chem. 290:10994-11007(2015) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 7 other entries.