Publications

• Human aldehyde dehydrogenase. Activity with aldehyde metabolites of monoamines, diamines, and polyamines.

  Ambroziak W., Pietruszko R.

  Two isozymes (E1 and E2) of human aldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.3) were purified to homogeneity 13 years ago and a third isozyme (E3) with a low Km for gamma-aminobutyraldehyde only recently. Comparison with a variety of substrates demonstrates that substrate specificity of all three isozymes i ... >> More

  Two isozymes (E1 and E2) of human aldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.3) were purified to homogeneity 13 years ago and a third isozyme (E3) with a low Km for gamma-aminobutyraldehyde only recently. Comparison with a variety of substrates demonstrates that substrate specificity of all three isozymes is broad and similar. With straight chain aliphatic aldehydes (C1-C6) the Km values of the E3 isozyme are identical with those of the E1 isozyme. All isozymes dehydrogenate naturally occurring aldehydes, 5-imidazoleacetaldehyde (histamine metabolite) and acrolein (product of beta-elimination of oxidized polyamines) with similar catalytic efficiency. Differences between the isozymes are in the Km values for aminoaldehydes. Although all isozymes can dehydrogenate gamma-aminobutyraldehyde, the Km value of the E3 isozyme is much lower: the same appears to apply to aldehyde metabolites of cadaverine, agmatine, spermidine, and spermine for which Km values range between 2-18 microM and kcat values between 0.8-1.9 mumol/min/mg. Thus, the E3 isozyme has properties which make it suitable for the metabolism of aminoaldehydes. The physiological role of E1 and E2 isozymes could be in dehydrogenation of aldehyde metabolites of monoamines such as 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde or 5-hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde; the catalytic efficiency with these substrates is better with E1 and E2 isozymes than with E3 isozyme. Isoelectric focusing of liver homogenates followed by development with various physiological substrates together with substrate specificity data suggest that aldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.3) is the only enzyme in the human liver capable of catalyzing dehydrogenation of aldehydes arising via monoamine, diamine, and plasma amine oxidases. Although the enzyme is generally considered to function in detoxication, our data suggest an additional function in metabolism of biogenic amines. << Less

  J. Biol. Chem. 266:13011-13018(1991) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]

  This publication is cited by 19 other entries.

• The biological functions of polyamine oxidation products by amine oxidases: perspectives of clinical applications.

  Agostinelli E., Arancia G., Vedova L.D., Belli F., Marra M., Salvi M., Toninello A.

  The polyamines spermine, spermidine and putrescine are ubiquitous cell components. If they accumulate excessively within the cells, due either to very high extracellular concentrations or to deregulation of the systems which control polyamine homeostasis, they can induce toxic effects. These molec ... >> More

  The polyamines spermine, spermidine and putrescine are ubiquitous cell components. If they accumulate excessively within the cells, due either to very high extracellular concentrations or to deregulation of the systems which control polyamine homeostasis, they can induce toxic effects. These molecules are substrates of a class of enzymes that includes monoamine oxidases, diamine oxidases, polyamine oxidases and copper containing amine oxidases. Polyamine concentrations are high in growing tissues such as tumors. Amine oxidases are important because they contribute to regulate levels of mono- and polyamines. These enzymes catalyze the oxidative deamination of biogenic amines and polyamines to generate the reaction products H2O2 and aldehyde(s) that are able to induce cell death in several cultured human tumor cell lines. H2O2 generated by the oxidation reaction is able to cross the inner membrane of mitochondria and directly interact with endogenous molecules and structures, inducing an intense oxidative stress. Since amine oxidases are involved in many crucial physiopathological processes, investigations on their involvement in human diseases offer great opportunities to enter novel classes of therapeutic agents. << Less

  Amino Acids 27:347-358(2004) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]

  This publication is cited by 3 other entries.