Enzymes
UniProtKB help_outline | 381 proteins |
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- Name help_outline 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate Identifier CHEBI:58339 Charge -4 Formula C10H11N5O13P2S InChIKeyhelp_outline GACDQMDRPRGCTN-KQYNXXCUSA-J SMILEShelp_outline Nc1ncnc2n(cnc12)[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OS([O-])(=O)=O)[C@@H](OP([O-])([O-])=O)[C@H]1O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 102 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline 4-ethylphenol Identifier CHEBI:49584 (CAS: 123-07-9) help_outline Charge 0 Formula C8H10O InChIKeyhelp_outline HXDOZKJGKXYMEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline CCc1ccc(O)cc1 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 2 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline 4-ethylphenyl sulfate Identifier CHEBI:133681 Charge -1 Formula C8H9O4S InChIKeyhelp_outline DWZGLEPNCRFCEP-UHFFFAOYSA-M SMILEShelp_outline C=1C=C(C=CC1OS([O-])(=O)=O)CC 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate Identifier CHEBI:58343 Charge -4 Formula C10H11N5O10P2 InChIKeyhelp_outline WHTCPDAXWFLDIH-KQYNXXCUSA-J SMILEShelp_outline Nc1ncnc2n(cnc12)[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP([O-])([O-])=O)[C@@H](OP([O-])([O-])=O)[C@H]1O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 137 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline H+ Identifier CHEBI:15378 Charge 1 Formula H InChIKeyhelp_outline GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline [H+] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 9,176 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Cross-references
RHEA:70607 | RHEA:70608 | RHEA:70609 | RHEA:70610 | |
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Reaction direction help_outline | undefined | left-to-right | right-to-left | bidirectional |
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Publications
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A gut-derived metabolite alters brain activity and anxiety behaviour in mice.
Needham B.D., Funabashi M., Adame M.D., Wang Z., Boktor J.C., Haney J., Wu W.L., Rabut C., Ladinsky M.S., Hwang S.J., Guo Y., Zhu Q., Griffiths J.A., Knight R., Bjorkman P.J., Shapiro M.G., Geschwind D.H., Holschneider D.P., Fischbach M.A., Mazmanian S.K.
Integration of sensory and molecular inputs from the environment shapes animal behaviour. A major site of exposure to environmental molecules is the gastrointestinal tract, in which dietary components are chemically transformed by the microbiota<sup>1</sup> and gut-derived metabolites are dissemin ... >> More
Integration of sensory and molecular inputs from the environment shapes animal behaviour. A major site of exposure to environmental molecules is the gastrointestinal tract, in which dietary components are chemically transformed by the microbiota<sup>1</sup> and gut-derived metabolites are disseminated to all organs, including the brain<sup>2</sup>. In mice, the gut microbiota impacts behaviour<sup>3</sup>, modulates neurotransmitter production in the gut and brain<sup>4,5</sup>, and influences brain development and myelination patterns<sup>6,7</sup>. The mechanisms that mediate the gut-brain interactions remain poorly defined, although they broadly involve humoral or neuronal connections. We previously reported that the levels of the microbial metabolite 4-ethylphenyl sulfate (4EPS) were increased in a mouse model of atypical neurodevelopment<sup>8</sup>. Here we identified biosynthetic genes from the gut microbiome that mediate the conversion of dietary tyrosine to 4-ethylphenol (4EP), and bioengineered gut bacteria to selectively produce 4EPS in mice. 4EPS entered the brain and was associated with changes in region-specific activity and functional connectivity. Gene expression signatures revealed altered oligodendrocyte function in the brain, and 4EPS impaired oligodendrocyte maturation in mice and decreased oligodendrocyte-neuron interactions in ex vivo brain cultures. Mice colonized with 4EP-producing bacteria exhibited reduced myelination of neuronal axons. Altered myelination dynamics in the brain have been associated with behavioural outcomes<sup>7,9-14</sup>. Accordingly, we observed that mice exposed to 4EPS displayed anxiety-like behaviours, and pharmacological treatments that promote oligodendrocyte differentiation prevented the behavioural effects of 4EPS. These findings reveal that a gut-derived molecule influences complex behaviours in mice through effects on oligodendrocyte function and myelin patterning in the brain. << Less
Nature 602:647-653(2022) [PubMed] [EuropePMC]
This publication is cited by 3 other entries.