Enzymes
| UniProtKB help_outline | 1,096 proteins |
Reaction participants Show >> << Hide
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Namehelp_outline
L-histidyl-[protein]
Identifier
RHEA-COMP:9745
Reactive part
help_outline
- Name help_outline L-histidine residue Identifier CHEBI:29979 Charge 0 Formula C6H7N3O SMILEShelp_outline C(*)(=O)[C@@H](N*)CC=1N=CNC1 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 40 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline NAD+ Identifier CHEBI:57540 (Beilstein: 3868403) help_outline Charge -1 Formula C21H26N7O14P2 InChIKeyhelp_outline BAWFJGJZGIEFAR-NNYOXOHSSA-M SMILEShelp_outline NC(=O)c1ccc[n+](c1)[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OC[C@H]2O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]2O)n2cnc3c(N)ncnc23)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1,142 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline H+ Identifier CHEBI:15378 Charge 1 Formula H InChIKeyhelp_outline GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline [H+] 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 9,176 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
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Namehelp_outline
Nτ-(ADP-D-ribosyl)-L-histidyl-[protein]
Identifier
RHEA-COMP:18085
Reactive part
help_outline
- Name help_outline Nτ-(ADP-D-ribosyl)-L-histidyl residue Identifier CHEBI:191398 Charge -2 Formula C21H26N8O14P2 SMILEShelp_outline N1(C2=C(C(=NC=N2)N)N=C1)[C@@H]3O[C@H](COP(OP(OC[C@H]4OC([C@@H]([C@@H]4O)O)N5C=C(N=C5)C[C@@H](C(=O)*)N*)(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-])[C@H]([C@H]3O)O 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 1 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
- Name help_outline nicotinamide Identifier CHEBI:17154 (Beilstein: 383619; CAS: 98-92-0) help_outline Charge 0 Formula C6H6N2O InChIKeyhelp_outline DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILEShelp_outline NC(=O)c1cccnc1 2D coordinates Mol file for the small molecule Search links Involved in 60 reaction(s) Find molecules that contain or resemble this structure Find proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule
Cross-references
| RHEA:72071 | RHEA:72072 | RHEA:72073 | RHEA:72074 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reaction direction help_outline | undefined | left-to-right | right-to-left | bidirectional |
| UniProtKB help_outline |
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| Gene Ontology help_outline |
Publications
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Poly(ADP-ribosylation) of P-TEFb by PARP1 disrupts phase separation to inhibit global transcription after DNA damage.
Fu H., Liu R., Jia Z., Li R., Zhu F., Zhu W., Shao Y., Jin Y., Xue Y., Huang J., Luo K., Gao X., Lu H., Zhou Q.
DNA damage shuts down genome-wide transcription to prevent transcriptional mutagenesis and to initiate repair signalling, but the mechanism to stall elongating RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is not fully understood. Central to the DNA damage response, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) initiates DN ... >> More
DNA damage shuts down genome-wide transcription to prevent transcriptional mutagenesis and to initiate repair signalling, but the mechanism to stall elongating RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is not fully understood. Central to the DNA damage response, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) initiates DNA repair by translocating to the lesions where it catalyses protein poly(ADP-ribosylation). Here we report that PARP1 inhibits Pol II elongation by inactivating the transcription elongation factor P-TEFb, a CDK9-cyclin T1 (CycT1) heterodimer. After sensing damage, the activated PARP1 binds to transcriptionally engaged P-TEFb and modifies CycT1 at multiple positions, including histidine residues that are rarely used as an acceptor site. This prevents CycT1 from undergoing liquid-liquid phase separation that is required for CDK9 to hyperphosphorylate Pol II and to stimulate elongation. Functionally, poly(ADP-ribosylation) of CycT1 promotes DNA repair and cell survival. Thus, the P-TEFb-PARP1 signalling plays a protective role in transcription quality control and genomic stability maintenance after DNA damage. << Less